全国硕士研究生入学考试英语冲刺试题 Simulated Entrance Test of English for MA/MS CandidatesModel Test 1
毕金献命制
版权所有侵权必究
考生注意事项
■ 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。
■ 答题前，考生应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”、“考生编号”等信息。
■ 答案必须按要求填涂或写在指定的答题卡上。
★英语知识运用、阅读理解A节、B节的答案填涂在答题卡1上。填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成。如要改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。
★阅读理解C节的答案和作文必须用（蓝）黑色字迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡2上作答。字迹要清楚。
■ 考试结束后，将答题卡1、答题卡2一并装入原试卷袋中，试题交给监考人员。
做 题 提 醒
■ 本试卷严格按照最新考纲的要求编写，针对性、权威性强，信度高，是备考训练的精品。
■ 建议以临战状态进行自测，结束后仔细核对答案，自己评分并找出薄弱环节，在以后的复习中重点突破。
考试时间180分钟满分100分得分英语冲刺试题1
Section ⅠUse of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Resources can be said to be scarce in both an absolute and a relative sense: the surface of the earth is finite, 1 absolute scarcity; but the scarcity that concerns economists is the relative scarcity of resources in different 2. Material used for one purpose cannot at the same time be used for other purposes; 3 the quantity of an input is limited, the increased use of it in one manufacturing 4 must cause it to become less available for other uses.
The cost of a product 5 money may not measure its true cost 6 society. The true cost of, say, the construction of a supersonic jet is the 7 of the schools and refrigerators that will never be built as a 8. Every act of production uses up some of society's available resources; it means the 9 of an opportunity to produce something else. In 10 how to use resources most effectively to satisfy the 11 of the community, this opportunity must be taken into account.
In a market 12 the price of a good and the quantity 13 depends on the cost of making it, and the cost, 14, is the cost of not making other goods. The market mechanism 15 this relationship. The cost of, say, a pair of shoes is the price of the leather, the fuel, and other 16 used up in producing them. But the price of these 17, in turn, depends on what they can produce 18—if the leather can used to produce handbags that are 19 highly by consumers, the price of the leather will be bid up 20.
1. \[A\] composing\[B\] imposing\[C\] exposing\[D\] disposing
2. \[A\] uses\[B\] ways\[C\] areas\[D\] forms
3. \[A\] since\[B\] unless\[C\] as\[D\] if
4. \[A\] plant\[B\] firm\[C\] process\[D\] procedure
5. \[A\] in regard to\[B\] in terms of\[C\] in view of\[D\] in relation to
6. \[A\] to\[B\] in\[C\] on\[D\] of
7. \[A\] charge\[B\] expense\[C\] price\[D\] value
8. \[A\] product\[B\] purpose\[C\] result\[D\] rule
9. \[A\] diminishing\[B\] abandoning\[C\] discarding\[D\] substituting
10. \[A\] deciding\[B\] assessing\[C\] predicting\[D\] projecting
11. \[A\] wants\[B\] desires\[C\] premises\[D\] facilities
12. \[A\] state\[B\] system\[C\] condition\[D\] economy
13. \[A\] presented\[B\] delivered\[C\] supplied\[D\] forwarded
14. \[A\] accordingly\[B\] ultimately\[C\] consequently\[D\] practically
15. \[A\] formulates\[B\] regulates\[C\] enhances\[D\] enforces
16. \[A\] components\[B\] substances\[C\] elements\[D\] materials
17. \[A\] outputs\[B\] inputs\[C\] goods\[D\] articles
18. \[A\] anyway\[B\] somehow\[C\] somewhere\[D\] elsewhere
19. \[A\] appraised\[B\] appealed\[C\] approved\[D\] approached
20. \[A\] passionately\[B\] unanimously\[C\] spontaneously\[D\] correspondingly
Section ⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text1
Can computer reason? Reasoning requires the individual to take a given set of facts and draw correct conclusions. Unfortunately, errors frequently occur, and we are not talking about simple carelessness as occurs when two numbers are incorrectly added, nor do we mean errors resulting from simple forgetfulness. Rather, we have in mind errors of a logical nature—those resulting from faulty reasoning. Now, or at least soon, computers will be capable of error'free logical reasoning in a variety of areas. The key to avoiding errors is to use a computer program that relies on the recent research in the field of automated theorem proving. AURA(Automated Reasoning Assistant) is the program that best exemplifies this use of the computer.
AURA solves a program by drawing conclusions from a given set of facts about the problem. The program reaches logical conclusions flawlessly as it uses various types of reasoning and solves almost all problems by using sophisticated techniques to find a contradiction.
One generally starts with a set of assumptions and adds a statement that the goal is unreachable. For example, if the problem is to test a safety system that automatically shuts down a nuclear reactor when instruments indicate a problem, AURA is told that the system will not shut the reactor down under those circumstances. If AURA finds a contradiction between the statement and the system‘s design assumptions, then this aspect of the reactor's design has been proved satisfactory. This strategy lets AURA concentrate on the problem at hand and avoid the many fruitless steps required to explore the entire theory underlying the problem.